ساختار های موازی - آموزش دوره ای جلسه نوزدهم

در این جلسه خیلی چیز ها آموزش داده خواهد شد که من تشخیص دادم از همه مهم تر "ساختار های موازی" است، پس عنوان مطلب را همین گذاشتم.

تصویر نشان دهنده ی بحث های اصلی این درس است.

قرار بودن: (من قرار است به مدرسه بروم)

فرمول : TOBE + supposed to

what are we supposed to do today?

we are supposed to study composition*.

*composition: به معنی "جلسه" است.

سوالات شناخت ، درباره ی کسی یا چیزی:

1. do you have a good friend? what does he look like?

are you satisfied^*?

yes , i am.               no , i am not.

2. where is kashan situated?

3. how is the weather of kashan?

4. what are the agriculture of kashan?

5. what are the industrial productu of kashan?

6. what are the sight seeing of kashan?

*satisfy: راضی کردن

توصیف ایران:

- geography

- people

- religions

- race  نژاد

- productions

- climate  اقلیم

- exports  صادرات

- sight seeing

iran is located (situated) in:

- the northern hemisphere^*.

- the western asia.

- the middle east (M.E).

- north of the persian Gulf and south of caspian sea.

* hemisphere: ای کلمه از دو کلمه ی "sphere" به معنی کره و "hemi" به معنی نیم تشکیل شده و در کل به معنی نیم کره است.

iran is both mountainous and plateu.

iran is surrounded by 14 neighbours.

north of iran is covered by woods (jungles).

one third of iran is covered desert.

مردم ایران:

the people of iran are:

hospilal , generous , loyal , logic , good temperd polite , platient , intelligent , genius , hard working , brave , enthasiastic , soft hearted , broad minded , cheerful , well off , religious , educated , experienced , emotional , passional , kind/unkind

the religions of iran are:

- islam (he is muslim)

- christianity ( he is christian )

- jewish ( he is jew )

- zoroastrianity (he is zoroastrian)

the race of iranian people is:     the aryan race.

the climate of iran is :

- tropical  معتدل

- hot and dry.  گرمسیری ، گرم و خشک

- mediterrainian.

iran has 4 seasons:

- spring  بهار

- summer

- autumn پاییز (fall  خزان)

- winter

ساختار های موازی:

1. هم ... هم ... ( both .... and .... )

it is both expensive and useless.

it is both cheap and useful.

he is both intelligent and hardworking.

2. آنقدر .... که ..... ( so .... that ....) مثبت است +

he is so intelligent that he can do every pussle.

he is so kind that he helps everyone.

3. آنقدر ..... که ..... ( too .... to ......) منفی است -

it is too far to go. آنقد دور است که نمی شود رفت

it is too heavy to lift.  آنقدر سنگین است که نمی شود بلندش کرد

it is too hot to breath.  آنقدر گرم است که نمی شود نفس کشید

that is too expensive to buy.  آنقدر گران است که نمی توان خرید

نکته: فرمول سه ، جمله را خود به خود منفی می کند و دیگر نیازی به منفی کردن دوباره نیست.

4. به + مطلق + ی ( as + مطلق + as)

he is as tall as his father.

5.  as + مطلق + so  ( به + مطلق + ی) میفی است -

he is not so tall so his father.

disel is not so expensive as petrol.

6. یا .... یا .... ( or .... or .... )

you either study or marry or work.

7. نه ..... نه ...... ( neither ...... nor ..... )

he neither works nor studies nor marries.

i neither have a penny nor mood.

i am not in mood.  تو حالش نیستم